June 2010

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Education of a senator

While top colleges have been known to buck their admissions criteria for the wrong reasons, they do on average admit smarter students, and the academic training they provide is easily above average. So it may be instructive to know what percentage of Senators, the most elite of the political brass, have graced the hallowed corridors of top academic institutions, and if at all the proportion attending top colleges varies by party.

Whereas 5 of the 42 Republican senators have attended top colleges (in the top 20), 22 of the 57 Democratic Senators have done the same. The skew in numbers may be due to the fact that New England is home to both top schools and a good many Democratic Senators. But privilege accorded by accident of geography is no less consequential than one afforded by some more equitable regime. As in if people of fundamentally similar caliber are there in Senate in either party, a belief cursory viewing of CSPAN would absolve one off, some due to happenstance of geography have been trained better than others.

Discounting elite education, one may simply want to look at extent to education. There one finds that whereas 73% of the Democratic Senators have an advanced degree, only 64% of Republican Senators have the same. While again it is likely that going to top schools increases admission to good advanced degree programs, thereby making advanced education more attractive perhaps, there again one can conjecture that whatever the reason – some groups of people, due to mere privilege perhaps, have better skills than others.

Why do telephones have numbers?
Unique alphabetical addresses could always be uniquely coded using numbers or translated as signals. However technological limitations meant that such coding wasn’t widely practiced. This meant people were forced to memorize multiple long strings of numbers, a skill most people never prided themselves with, and when forced to learn it, they took to it like fish to land. Freedom from such bondage would surely be welcome by many. And now, unsparing hands of technological change which have made such coding ubiquitous hope to deliver comeuppance to telephone numbers. Providing each phone with an alphabetical ID that maps to its IP address would be one smart way of implementing this change.

Misinformation and Agenda Setting
People actively learn from the environment, though they do so inexpertly. Given an average American consumes over 60 hrs of media each week, one prominent place from they learn is the media. Say if one were to watch a great many crime shows – merely as a result of the great many crime shows on television – one may impute wrongly that crime rate has been increasing. A similar, though more potent, example of the this may be the 70% of Americans who believe breast cancer is the number one reason for female mortality.

Forces that govern people’s behavior in politics are diverse, a diversity not always appreciated by scientists stuck in disciplinary bunkers. While occasional interdisciplinary philandering, by scientists otherwise faithful to their disciplines, has contributed enormously to our understanding of the topic by fruitfully leveraging knowledge across disciplines, formalizing such interdisciplinary training may prove to be a good catalyst for increasing this salutary (though non-virtuous) behavior.

Training for academia should include – logic, ethics (broadly philosophy), methodology, writing, teaching, skill in using tools for statistics (R), and typesetting (Latex), and other miscellaneous but important skills like project management, how to present, etc. In addition, a student needs training in the specific specialization.

Given the extent of training needed, a student needs both time, and strong mentoring.

Here below, I expand upon three particular aspects of training –

Methods Training
Methods training in Political Science, Communication, and Psychology (the three parent disciplines of Political Communication) is generally unsatisfactory, hobbled by incompetent teaching, if not incompetence. The only compensatory aspect is that the courses are fairly applied in nature. For firmer foundations in methodology, required for scholarship, training in Statistics Department is a sine-qua-non.
Courses: statistical inference, modeling and causal inference, stochastic methods, parametric and non-parametric analysis, bayesian analysis; Applied: time series analysis, data mining, sampling, programming, and optimization.

Statistics covers one part of methodology. A separate important part of methods include courses on measurement – what to measure and how best to measure it. Recommended courses: survey design, and psychological measurement.

A course devoted to content analysis may prove useful as well.

Content
There exist at least three fields that directly relate to Political Communication – Psychology, Communication, and Political Science.
Psychology: group psychology, social psychology, cognition, neuropsychology, evolutionary psychology.
Communication: News and Politics, Political Communication (an assimilative course), Political Economy of Media, Media and Communication.
Political Science: historical, institutional, theoretical, and behavioral aspects of politics.

Courses in law and sociology would be useful as well.

Mentoring
Regardless of the efforts to the contrary, there is still considerable variation in the students admitted. Students vary in their level of mental maturity, specific skills that they may excel in, etc. A proper and early assessment of weaknesses and strength of a student can allow the faculty to develop a specific plan crafted to address each. Directed reading courses in initial year(s) with one’s advisor provides an excellent opportunity for the student to learn, and for an advisor to address concerns above and beyond those discovered in reading.

Seminar series provide excellent places to learn from others – care in thinking, presentation skills, research questions, etc.